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Andrey Nikolayevich Illarionov ((ロシア語:Андре́й Никола́евич Илларио́нов), born 16 September 1961) is a Russian economist and former economic policy advisor to the President of Russia, Vladimir Putin. He works as a senior fellow in the Center for Global Liberty and Prosperity at the Cato Institute in Washington, DC. ==Life and career== Illarionov was born on 16 September 1961, in Sestroretsk, a municipal town of Saint Petersburg. At seventeen he started working at a communications office (telephone and postal services) in the town of Sestroretsk. He then went on to study economics at the Leningrad State University, graduating in 1983, and receiving a Ph.D. in economics in 1987. From 1983 to 1984, and again from 1988 to 1990 Illarionov taught for the International Economic Relations Department of Leningrad State University. From 1990 to 1992 he was senior researcher at the Regional Economic Research Department of the Saint Petersburg State University of Economics and Finance. From 1992 he became part-time economic adviser to the Russian Deputy Prime Minister and Acting Prime Minister Yegor Gaidar and (until 1993) the first deputy head of the Economic Reform Centre of the Russian Government. From 1993 to 1994 Illarionov was the head of the Analysis and Planning Group of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers and the Government of Russia, Viktor Chernomyrdin, after which he went on to become the vice-president of the Leontyev International Social and Economic Research Centre, and director of the Moscow division. He has created the Institute for Economic Analysis and was its director from 1994 to 2000. Illarionov had called for a sharp devaluation of the Russian ruble before the August 1998 financial meltdown to prevent it.〔("Q&: Putin's Critical Adviser" ). ''TIME.com''. 31 December 2005. 〕 On 12 April 2000, Illarionov assumed the office of Vladimir Putin's senior economic adviser within the Russian presidential administration and in May 2000 he became the personal representative of the Russian president (sherpa) in the G8. He played an important role in introducing the low 13% flat income tax in Russia〔 in repaying the Russian foreign debt, in creation the petroleum revenues-based Stabilization Fund of the Russian Federation and in bringing Russia's full-fledged membership in the political G8. On 3 January 2005 Illarionov resigned from his position as presidential representative to the G8.〔()〕 On 21 December 2005, Illarionov declared "This year Russia has become a different country. It is no longer a democratic country. It is no longer a free country". ''The Washington Post'' reported that he had cited a recent report by the U.S.-based and government sponsored Freedom House.〔Peter Finn (28 December 2005) ("Highly Critical Putin Adviser Steps Aside" ). ''washingtonpost.com''. 〕 On 27 December 2005, Illarionov offered his resignation in protest against the government course, saying that Russia was no longer politically free, but ran by an authoritarian elite. "It is one thing to work in a country that is partly free. It is another thing when the political system has changed, and the country has stopped being free and democratic," he said.〔("Putin aide resigns over policies" ). ''BBC''. 27 December 2005〕 He also claimed that he had no more ability to influence the government's course and that Kremlin put limits on him expressing his point of view. Illarionov was openly critical to such elements of the Russian economic policy as the Yukos affair, increasing influence of government officials on large companies such as Gazprom and Rosneft, and at last the Russia-Ukraine gas dispute and the energy policy of Russia in general.〔 Illarionov has also been a proponent of secession of Chechnya.〔Boris Lvin and Andrey Illarionov (1995). (Россия должна признать независимость Чечни ). Московские Новости #1〕 In October 2006, Illarionov was appointed senior researcher of the Center for Global Liberty and Prosperity of the US libertarian think tank Cato Institute in Washington, DC.〔("Cato Institute Launches New Center for Global Liberty and Prosperity " ). ''Cato Institute''. 10 October 2006.〕 In this position, he has lamented "() new corporate state in which state-owned enterprises are governed by personal interests and private corporations have become subject to arbitrary intervention to serve state interests"〔("The Rise of the Corporate State in Russia" ). ''Cato Institute''. 7 March 2006〕 as well as "new ways in which political, economic and civil liberties are being eliminated."〔("Russian Energy Policy and the New Russian State" ). ''Cato Institute''. 20 November 2006〕 On 14 April 2007, and 9 June 2007, Illarionov took part in opposition Dissenters' Marches in Moscow and Saint Petersburg, respectively. Illarionov is one of the 34 first signatories of the online anti-Putin manifesto "Putin must go", published on 10 March 2010. As a well known opponent to Vladimir Putin and his policies he criticized Václav Klaus for his views which involved critics to EU´s and USA´s big role to escalate conflict on Ukraine more than Vladimir Putin. He achieved conclusion cooperation between Cato Institut and Václav Klaus.〔Michal Bìlka (22 December 2014). ("Institut Cato se rozeel s Klausem. Mistr svobody moc bránil Putina" ). ''iDNES.cz''. 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Andrey Illarionov」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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